低龄儿童龋致龋微生物相关生物标志物的研究进展

Research progress of microbial biomarkers of early childhood caries

健康儿童口腔存在动态平衡的微生物群落环境,当这种平衡遭到破坏,部分微生物将转变为致龋微生物并引发低龄儿童龋(Early Childhood Caries,ECC)。致龋微生物在ECC发病过程中发生的改变可作为评估儿童患龋风险及预测ECC发展速度的生物标志物,对ECC的诊疗意义非凡。就目前研究较多的数种微生物而言,变异链球菌和与其密切相关的白假丝酵母菌、双歧杆菌属、血链球菌的相关指标有可能作为生物标志物联合判断儿童龋易感性。乳杆菌属的检出率和检出水平可能为判断ECC发展速度提供参考。

The microorganisms in a healthy child＇s oral environment survive in certain proportions and form a stable dynamic balance with the host. If this balance is disrupted, some of the microorganisms become cariogenic microbes and cause early childhood caries（ECC）. The changes of cariogenic microbes in this process could be used as biomarkers to assess the caries risk of children and forecast the development of ECC. The relative indices of Streptococcus mutans and the closely related Candida albicans, Bifidobacterium and Streptococci sanguinis may be used as biomarkers to diagnose the susceptibility of children to caries. The detection rate and detection level of Lactobacillus may provide a reference for judging the rate of ECC development.