粒细胞集落刺激因子的神经保护作用及临床试验研究进展

Neuroprotective effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and clinical research progress

粒细胞集落刺激因子作为一种刺激骨髓粒系造血的生长因子,在临床上被用于治疗各种原因引起的粒细胞减少症。然而,越来越多体内外研究实验及临床试验表明粒细胞集落刺激因子通过激活多种信号转导通路在神经系统损伤性疾病中发挥神经保护作用,包括动员外周干细胞迁移至神经系统、减轻神经细胞凋亡、平衡炎症反应、促进神经干细胞再生及血管生成等,但也存在一定的争议。目前在脑卒中、肌萎缩性侧索硬化及脊髓损伤等神经系统疾病中采用粒细胞集落刺激因子治疗已进入临床试验阶段,在缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生动物模型中也证实其疗效。现将粒细胞集落刺激因子的神经保护作用及临床试验安全性及疗效作一综述。

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, as a growth factor that stimulates bone marrow hematopoiesis, is clinically used to treat neutropenia caused by various causes. However, more and more in vitro and in vivo research experiments and clinical trials have shown that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor exerts neuroprotective effects in nervous system injury diseases by activating multiple signal transduction pathways, including mobilizing peripheral stem cells to migrate to the nervous system, reducing nerves apoptosis, balancing inflammatory responses, and promoting neural stem cell regeneration and angiogenesis, but there is also some controversy. Currently, the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy in stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal cord injury has entered clinical trials, and its efficacy has also been confirmed in a neonatal animal model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The neuroprotective effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and the safety and efficacy of clinical trials are reviewed.