“都”类总括副词的语法化动因与演化规律

Grammaticalization Motivation and Evolution Law of "du" Omnibus Adverbs

汉语"都"类总括副词在历史上出现了新旧更替现象,"都"由名词、动词演变为总括副词,除了语义和句法的动因之外,系统的制约也是促使其发展的主要因素,同时,类推和泛化也导致了其他新兴的程度副词大量产生。其演变发展规律有三条:层次叠置原则、渐变性原则、单向性原则。

Chinese ＂du＂ omnibus adverbs have changed from nouns and verbs to omnibus adverbs, a transition from the old to the new in history. In addition to the semantic and syntactic motivations, the system＇s constraints are also the main factors promoting its development. Analogies and generalizations also lead to the production of a large number of other emerging adverbs of degree.There are three rules of its evolution and development： the principle of superposition of hierarchy, the principle of gradual change, and the principle of unidirection.