音乐句法的内隐习得及其对图式性期待的影响

Implicit acquisition of musical syntax and its influence on schema expectation

音乐句法的习得来源于对音乐图式统计规则的长期抽象,有赖于日常音乐曝光和统计学习能力,其在构建音乐心理词典的过程中发挥着重要作用并影响着音乐图式性期待的形成。音乐句法可在无意识曝光中被内隐习得,而外显的专业训练可能有利于音乐统计学习能力的提升。对ERAN、N5、mCPS等音乐句法相关脑电成分进行研究有助于深入了解音乐句法内隐习得的加工机制。在完整音乐结构背景下,考察各音乐要素习得之间的交互作用,将使音乐学习实验更具生态效度,促进研究成果运用于音乐教学实践。

The acquisition of musical syntax derives from the long-term abstraction of statistical rules of musical schema, which depends on the daily music exposure and statistical learning ability. It plays an important role in the process of constructing musical mental lexicon and influences the formation of musical schema expectation. The musical syntax has been proved to be implicitly learned with unconscious exposure, while explicit professional training may be conducive to the improvement of music statistical learning ability. The researches of the ENAN, N5, mCPS and other musical syntax-related electroencephalograms help to understand the processing mechanism of implicit learning of musical syntax. Therefore, future studies should examine, in the complete music structure, how the acquisitions of various music elements interact to make music learning experiments more ecologically effective and to promote the application of the research results in music teaching practice.