辽东湾坳陷新生代主干断裂走滑量的估算及其地质意义

Estimation of the Cenozoic Strike-slip Displacement for Major Faults in the Liaodong Bay Depression and its Geological Significance

盆地区或覆盖区走滑位移量的估算是构造地质学研究的难点和热点。本文在三维地震资料精细解释的基础上,利用构造物理模拟实验和构造解析相结合的方法,对辽东湾坳陷主干断裂新生代各演化阶段的走滑位移量进行了估算,并分析了其地质意义。结果表明:辽东湾坳陷主干断裂的走滑位移量有三分之二转换成了派生次级断裂的水平伸展量;新生代沙一、二段沉积期各主干断裂开始走滑活动,不同演化阶段各主干断裂的走滑量具有明显的时空差异,整体而言辽中地区>辽东地区>辽西地区,其中以辽中1号断裂在各时期走滑量最大;各主干断裂的走滑量均为古近纪东营组沉积期最大,辽西地区新近纪走滑量大于古近纪沙一、二段沉积期,东部的辽中1号和辽东1号断裂古近纪沙一、二段和东营组沉积期的走滑量均大于新近纪。不同演化阶段、不同构造位置伸展和走滑作用的强弱配比差异控制了局部构造样式和盆地结构的差异,辽中和辽东地区新生代走滑强,主干断裂、构造样式具明显走滑特征;辽西地区古近纪早期伸展作用较强,东营组沉积期和新近纪走滑作用强,形成了明显的"伸展-走滑"叠加构造样式。

Estimation of the strike-slip displacement of faults in basins or covered regions has always been a hot and knotty issue. Based on the fine interpretation of 3 D seismic data, we estimated the strike-slip displacements of the Cenozoic evolutionary stages of the main faults in the Liaodong Bay Depression, and analyzed their geological significance, using methods of physical modeling experiments and structural analysis. The results showed that two thirds of the strike-slip displacements of the major faults were converted into the horizontal displacement of those secondary extension faults in the Liaodong Bay Depression. It should be noted that the Liaodong Bay Depression isn＇t a pure strike-slip basin, and its Cenozoic evolution also influenced by extension, thus, extension amount produced by mantle upwelling should be detracted. Strike-slip movements were generated in the depositional stage of the first and second members of the Shahejie Formation, and the strike-slip displacements of major faults in different evolution stages vary considerably. In terms of the Cenozoic cumulative strike-slip displacement, the displacement of faults in the Liaozhong Sag is the largest, followed by those in the Liaodong Sag, and those in the Liaoxi Sag is the smallest. Among all of the faults, the Liaozhong1 fault had the largest strike-slip displacement. As to the displacement in different stages, the strike-slip displacement of all major faults showed the largest displacement in depositional stage of the Dongying Formation. The Neogene strike-slip displacement of faults is bigger than that of the depositional stage of the first and second members of the Shahejie Formation in the Liaoxi region, while it showed an opposite trend in the eastern Liaodong Bay Depression. The difference of relative strength between extensional and strike-slip stress controlled the difference of structural styles and basin structures in different evolution stages and structural locations in the Liaodong Bay Depression. The Cenozoic strong strike-slip effects in the Liaozhong and Liaodong Sag were presented by the obvious strike-slip characteristics on major faults and structural styles. In the Liaoxi Sag, the obvious ＂extension strike-slip＂ superimposed structural style was caused by the extension effects in the early Paleogene and strike-slip effects of the Dongying Formation and Neogene.