东昆仑东段坑得弄舍多金属矿床Pb-Zn与Au-Ag成矿关系研究

Relationship Between Pb-Zn and Au-Ag Mineralization of Kengdenongshe Polymetallic Deposit in Eastern Segment of the Eastern Kunlun

坑得弄舍为近年在东昆仑成矿带内发现的大型Au-Ag-Pb-Zn多金属矿床,但该矿床富Pb-Zn与富Au矿体之间的成因联系备受争议。鉴于此,本文以这两类矿体作为研究对象,对矿化、蚀变、流体包裹体等特征开展对比研究,并对Au、Ag、Pb、Zn等成矿元素的相关性进行统计分析。研究表明,矿区矿体从北到南具有富Pb-Zn→富Au的变化趋势,两者之间为逐渐过渡关系,对应的围岩蚀变组合从硅化-绿帘石化向重晶石化-大理岩化-硅化转变。另外,矿区内富Pb-Zn矿石的结构构造指示其为热水沉积成因并叠加后期改造,而富Au矿石的结构构造则指示其为热液成因。流体包裹体研究表明,矿区内富Pb-Zn矿石对应的成矿流体具有低温(集中于150～170°C)、中低盐度(1.74%～10.11%NaCl_(eqv))的特征,富Au矿石对应的成矿流体显示中低温(集中于130～250°C)、中低盐度(0.35%～10.24%NaCl_(eqv))的特征。矿区内成矿元素相关性分析表明,Pb与Zn、Au与Ag元素含量之间均具有较好相关性(相关系数r>0.25),Au与Pb、Zn元素含量相关性较差(相关系数r<0.15),但当Au品位较高时,Au与Pb元素之间相关性相对增强,这可能与后期的热液叠加成矿作用有关。综上,坑得弄舍多金属矿床应存在两期成矿作用,早期为Pb-Zn成矿期,主要形成Pb-Zn矿体,成矿流体来源于岩浆水与海水的混合,具有热水沉积成因特征;晚期为Au-Ag成矿期,主要形成Au-Ag矿体,同时对早期Pb-Zn矿体有一定的叠加改造作用,并产生Pb、Zn的再富集,具有热液成因特征,晚期成矿流体可能主要源于岩浆水,并有大气降水的混入。

The Kengdenongshe deposit is a newly discovered large Au-Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit in the eastern Kunlun metallogenic belt, and the genetic relationship between Pb-Zn-rich ore bodies and Au-rich ore bodies in this deposit is controversial. Therefore, comparative studies of mineralization, alteration, and fluid inclusions in the two types of ore bodies were carried out with the statistical analysis of the correlation among ore-forming elements of Au, Ag, Pb and Zn. The results show that, from north to south, the mineralization changes gradually from Pb-Zn-rich to Au-rich with the wall-rock alteration from silicification-epidotization to baritization-marbleization-silicification. In addition, the structures of Pb-Zn-rich ores indicate a hydrothermal sedimentary origin with the late hydrothermal superposition, while those of Au-rich ores show features of hydrothermal origin. Besides, based on the study of fluid inclusions in this mining area, the ore-forming fluid of Pb-Zn-rich ores is low temperature（focus on 150-170 ℃） and low-medium salinity（1.74%-10.24% NaCl（eqv））, while that of Au-rich ores displays low-medium temperature（manily 130-250 ℃） with low-medium salinity（0.35%-10.24% NaCl（eqv））. Pb-Zn and Au-Ag show positive correlation（correlation coefficient r0.25）, but Au is poorly correlated with Pb and Zn（correlation coefficient r0.15）. However, to due to the late stage hydrothermal superimposition, Au is rather well correlated with Pb in high grade ores. In summary, there may exist two epochs of mineralization in the Kengdenongshe polymetallic deposit. The early one is Pb-Zn mineralization stage with characteristics of hydrothermal sedimentary origin, and the ore-forming fluid may be derived from the mixture of magmatic water and seawater. While the later one is Au mineralization stage, having characteristics of hydrothermal origin with subsequent hydrothermal superimpositions, and the ore-forming fluid is mainly derived from magmatic water that mixed with meteoric water.