民国女诗人虞岫云考述

Overpraise from the Commercial Anthology and Harsh Criticism by the Authoritative Critic——On the Poetess Yu Xiuyun in Republic of China

虞岫云是20世纪30年代名噪一时的女诗人,但在近几十年来的文学史和文学选本中已经难觅踪影。据有限的研究资料,可以勾勒出她模糊的生平轨迹。她的诗虽不能与30年代主流诗人比肩,仍具有较高的艺术品质。她的诗一经发表,就得到了曾今可等人的青睐,并被选入多种新诗选本。但曾今可选本具有明显的商业动机,虞岫云因此成为被消费的对象,预伏了盛年搁笔的命运。鲁迅出于对曾今可的憎恶,也出于对虞岫云本人的不良印象,对她提出了苛刻的批评,这成为虞岫云退出文坛的直接原因。虞岫云的悲剧,是在男权文化笼罩之下,一位较有才华的富家女的悲剧,也是一位被盲目吹捧,被严厉批评的女诗人的悲剧。

Yu Xiuyun was a famous poetess in 1930 s,but disappeared in the literary history and the literary anthology published in recent decades. According to the limited research data,it is possible to outline her vague path of life. Although her poetry had not reached the art level of important poets in 1930 s,they still had a high artistic quality. Beginning into the literary world,her poems had got the favor,and were elected into a variety of new poetry anthology. But the anthology by Zeng Jinke had an obvious commercial motivation,and Yu Xiuyun became the object of consumption. It＇s a sign that she would have to stop writing. Because of being disgusted with Zeng Jinke and a bad impression of Yu Xiuyun,Lu Xun put forward the harsh criticism of her,which was a direct cause of Yu Xiuyun to withdraw from the literary world. Yu Xiuyun was a tragedy under the patriarchal culture,not only a tragedy of a talented rich girl,also a tragedy of a poet who was overpraised and sharp criticized.