人乳头状瘤病毒在无症状育龄期女性中筛查结果及感染危险因素分析

Screening results of human papillomavirus in asymptomatic women of childbearing age and analysis of risk factors for infection

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)在无症状育龄期女性中的筛查结果及感染危险因素。方法选择2017年6~12月在惠州市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心检查的无症状育龄期女性924例作为研究对象,调查所有受试者的一般情况并检测其HPV感染情况,观察患者一般情况与HPV感染的相关性。结果 924例受试者中HPV感染阳性者112例共172个HPV亚型感染,阳性率为12.12%。单因素分析显示,年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、孕次不是无症状育龄期女性HPV感染的影响因素(P>0.05);文化程度、首次性生活时间、流产史、产次、避孕方式、性伴侣数量、性生活频率、性伴侣包皮过长是无症状育龄期女性HPV感染的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,性伴侣人数≥2人(OR=3.902,95%CI:1.744~12.690,P<0.01)、性伴侣包皮过长(OR=2.770,95%CI:1.410~6.472,P<0.01)是无症状育龄期女性HPV感染的独立危险因素,避孕套避孕是无症状育龄期女性HPV感染的保护性因素(OR=0.627,95%CI:0.389~0.856,P<0.01)。结论本地区无症状育龄期女性HPV感染率较低,HPV 52、16、58是常见的感染高危型亚型,性伴侣人数≥2人、性伴侣包皮过长是无症状育龄期女性HPV感染的独立危险因素,避孕套避孕是无症状育龄期女性HPV感染的保护性因素,临床对存在危险因素的女性应加强监测。

Objective To investigate the screening results of human papillomavirus（HPV） in asymptomatic women of childbearing age and the risk factors of infection. Methods A total of 924 asymptomatic women of childbearing age from June to December 2017 in Huizhou Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center were selected.All subjects were investigated for general condition and HPV infection. Results among 924 subjects, 112 cases were positive for HPV infection and 172 HPV subtypes were infected. The positive rate was 12.12%. Univariate analysis showed that age, smoking history, drinking history, times of pregnancy were not influencing factors of HPV infection（P〈0.05）. The education, time of first sexual life, history of abortion, parity, contraceptive method, number of sexual partners, frequency of sexual life, prepuce length of sexual partners were the influencing factors of HPV infection in women of childbearing age（P〈0.05）. The results of multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the number of sexual partners was more than 2（OR=3.902, 95%CI： 1.744-12.690, P〈0.01）, long prepuce of sexual partners（OR=2.770,95%CI： 1.410-6.472, P〈0.01） were an independent risk factor for HPV infection in women of childbearing age. Condom contraception was the protective factor of HPV infection in women of childbearing age（OR=0.627, 95%CI： 0.389-0.856, P〈0.01）. Conclusion There is no symptomatic childbearing age in this area. The infection rate of HPV52,HPV16, HPV58 is a common high risk subtype of HPV58, and the number of sexual partners is more than 2. Sexual partners with long foreskin were independent risk factors for HPV infection in women of childbearing age, condom contraception was the protective factor of HPV infection in women of childbearing age, and clinical monitoring should be strengthened for women with risk factors.