提高核应急医学救援教学效果的新策略与应用

Innovative strategies of enhancing teaching effect on medical rescue of nuclear emergency and its implementation

目的探讨从教学内容、师资和教学模式3个层面构建新策略提高核应急医学救援课程的教学效果。方法将2016年3月1日~7月30日第三军医大学2012级临床医学专业五年制本科大学4年级150名学员,采用随机数表字法分为对照组(72名)和实验组(78名),同期分别采用传统教学法和新策略实施核应急医学救援课程教学。采用闭卷笔试成绩和实践训练评分分析教学效果。结果课程理论内容笔试成绩显示,实验组学员的个人防护、现场救援流程与技术规范专题得分和总成绩均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实践演练评分结果表明,实验组在辐射防护、现场急救、去污洗消3个方面的能力评分和总评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论选用理论与实践兼顾的内容体系、优秀师资和综合应用教学法的新策略可有效提升学员学习核应急救援理论的效率,增强实际操作能力,提高核应急医学救援课程的教学效果。新策略值得在相关学科教学中进一步发展推广。

Objective To explore the effect of novel strategies composed of perfect teaching content, excellent teachers and better teaching methods on improving the teaching quality of medical rescue of nuclear emergency. Methods From March 1 st to July 30 th, 2016, 150 clinical-medicine students at Grade 2012 from Third Military Medical University were divided into control group（n = 72） and experiment group（n = 78） by random number table method. The traditional-teaching methods and the innovative strategies were respectively applied to control group and experiment group to learn emergency medical rescue of nuclear radiation. Score statistics of closed-paper examination and practice-training evaluation were used to analyze teaching effect. Results Compared with those of control group, the theoretical writtentest scores in personal protection, on-site rescue process technical specification and total scores of experiment group were significantly high, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Also, the experiment group students′scores on field radiation prection, first aid on the spot, decontamination washing and total practice essessment were obviously higher than those of control group students, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The innovative strategies, with characteristics of perfect teaching-learning content habouring theory and pactice,excellent teachers and comprehensive application of teaching-learning methods, can effectively upgrade students′ learning ability to master nuclear emergency rescue theory, enhance their operational competence in medical rescue, and improve the teaching-learning quality of medical rescue of nuclear emergency.