中国工业基地城市群PM_(2.5)时空分布特征及相关性分析

The Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Correlation Analysis of PM_(2.5) in Urban Agglomeration of China's Industrial Base

为研究2014年中国四大工业基地25个主要城市的空气质量污染情况,对25个城市2014年1月~2015年2月的数据进行SPSS聚类分析,研究其整体分布情况,并应用统计学和GIS软件分析其主要城市大气颗粒物的污染分布特征,同时利用SPSS软件对大气污染物PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2、CO、O_3和PM_(2.5)做相关性分析。结果表明:(1)25个城市PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度在32.94~100.23μg·m^(-3)之间,其中分布在40~70μg·m^(-3)之间的城市相对集中,占所有城市的68%,仅3个城市的PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度小于35μg·m^(-3);(2)PM_(2.5)季节变化特征大体表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季,重度污染主要集中在12月和1月;(3)从空间分布上看,京津唐污染水平高于其他三个工业基地,珠三角污染水平最低;(4)四大工业基地城市群PM_(2.5)的浓度与PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2、CO的浓度存在显著相关性。由于温度、气候等原因,在珠三角和长三角O3与PM_(2.5)呈正相关,而在京津唐和辽中南工业基地则呈负相关。

Based on the data of 25 cities in January 2014 - 2015 February,the air quality pollution of 25 major cities in China＇s four industrial bases in 2014 was studied. The data was analyzed by SPSS cluster analysis,study the whole distribution,and analyses the main pollution distribution characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter application city statistics and Arc GIS software,and do correlation analysis of the atmosphere PM（10）,SO2,NO2,pollutants CO,O3 and PM（2.5） by SPSS software. The result showed that the average concentration of PM（2.5） in these cities ranged from 32. 94 ~ 100. 23 μg·m^（-3）,the cities＇ concentration distributed among 40 ~ 70 μg·m^（-3） is relatively concentrated,accounting for 68% of all the cities,and only 3 cities ＇ concentration of PM（2.5） less than35 μg·m^（-3）. The seasonal variation characteristics of PM（2.5） showed a order of winter autumn spring summer,and the heavy pollution mainly concentrated in December and January. From the view of spatial distribution,Beijing-Tianjin-Tang industrial base pollution level is higher than that of the other three industrial base,industrial base in the Pearl River Delta is minimum. The relative analysis show that,in the 25 cities of China＇s four major industrial bases,there were significant relationships between the average concentration of PM（2.5） and the average concentration of PM（10）,SO2,NO2 and CO. As a whole,the average concentration of O3 showed a small correlation with PM（2.5）,however,in the Pearl River Delta industrial base and the Yangtze River Delta industrial base,they had a great relevance. Therefore,we could inferred that the photochemical pollution in this area may be serious.