浅谈集体经济时期农村合作医疗的低成本运行

Discussion about the Low Cost Operation of Rural Cooperative Medical System in Collective Economy

集体经济时期我国农村合作医疗制度取得成功,其背后必有深刻的历史原因。农村合作医疗的运行可分为资金筹集、资金分配与补偿、医疗卫生费用支付与控制三个环节。虽然它的运行存在制度缺陷,但它依然能够推行30年之久,这一定有它特定的历史原因。这些历史因素包括:提倡疾病提前预防的方针、充分利用农村的中药资源、当时农村医务人员工资低等,这些因素使得合作医疗低成本运行。今天重新审视这段历史,或对解决当下的现实问题有启发。

The great success of China’s rural cooperative medical system has its own profound and historical reasons behind it. The operation of cooperative medical care can be decomposed into three aspects,namely fund raising,fund allocation and compensation, medical and health expenses payment and control. Athough the system of the operation is flawed,but it can still be implemented for 30 years .It must have its own specific historical factors,including promoting the prevention of disease in advance guidelines,making full use of rural resources of traditional Chinese medicine,low wages of rural medical staff,these factors make the CMS low-cost operation. Now,we revisited this history. Perhaps it can enlighten us the solution to current realitic problems.