护理学科的性别隔离:历史向度与现实向度

Gender Segregation in Nursing Discipline: Historical and Realistic Perspectives

护理学科是典型的性别隔离学科。从历史向度看,护理学科的性别隔离是不断演变的,它初现于早期的社会劳动分工,并在战争和疫病频发中转变,在妇女解放运动中深化。从现实向度看,社会政治、经济、文化和教育等因素,进一步加剧了护理学科的性别隔离现象。为改变护理学科性别隔离状况,可行的策略有:弱化传统性别观念,提高学生对护理学科的认知,改善护理人员的经济待遇,以及拓展护理职业发展路径等。

Nursing is a typical discipline in gender segregation of disciplines. Views from the historical perspective,the gender segregation of nursing disciplines continues to evolve, and it began in the division of social labor in the early stage and it has been transformed in wars and diseases that frequently occur. It is also strengthened in historical development and the women＇s liberation movement. From the practical perspective, political, economic and cultural factors further aggravate the gender segregation in nursing discipline. From the two aspects of history and reality, this paper analyzes the reasons for the gender segregation in the nursing discipline, and puts forward the strategies of weakening the traditional ideas, improving the students＇ awareness of the subject, improving the salary and expanding the path of nursing career development, so as to eliminate the gender segregation in the nursing discipline.