1947—1957年党在领导财经工作中的机制变迁

Research on the Mechanism Evolution of Finance and Economic Affairs Leadership of the CPC from 1947 to 1957

1947年至1957年中国共产党从领导人民为夺取全国政权而奋斗的党,变成领导人民掌握全国政权并长期执政的党,这种角色的变换表现在对财经工作的领导上就是五个阶段的机制转变:一是以华北财经办事处为代表的派出式领导;二是以中央财经部、中财委为代表的直接领导;三是新中国成立后,通过政务院党组干事会和改组后的中央人民政府委员会党组干事会来间接领导;四是1952年撤销中央人民党组干事会后,通过"五口通商"的财经部门党组来直接领导;五是1957年成立中央经济工作五人小组作为党中央直接领导财经工作的最高决策机构并历经各种演变而成为党领导财经工作的机制延续至今,使党的权力与行政权力之间明确分野,既体现了党对国家重大方针的领导又符合党与行政机关之间在具体事务工作机制上的相互独立,维护宪法权威。实践证明这种机制符合中国社会主义民主政治建设,有利于社会主义经济建设迅速开展。

From 1947 to 1957, Chinese Communist Party has evolved from a Party that led the people in fighting for state power to a Party that has led the people in exercising the power and has long remained in power.The transformation of this role can be reflected from the five-phase mechanism evolution in the leadership of financial affairs： The first one is the sent-out leadership represented by financial and economic offices in North China; the second one is the direct leadership represented by Central Committee of the Ministry of Finance and the Central Finance Commission; Thirdly, after the founding of PRC, it is indirectly led by the Government Council and the reorganization of the Central People＇s Government Committee of the Party committee; Fourth is the revocation of the Central People＇s Party in 1952 Council; The fifth is the establishment of the five-member Central Economic Work Group in 1957 as the highest decision-making body on finance and economics affairs directly under the CPC Central Committee and the revolution of various mechanisms for the party＇s leadership in fiscal and economic affairs till today. The practice proves that this kind of mechanism conforms to the construction of Chinese socialist democratic politics and is conducive to the rapid development of socialist economy.