腐败尸体死亡时间推断的新技术、难点分析与解决途径

New Techniques,Difficulties and Solutions in Postmortem Interval Estimation of Decomposed Corpse

目的对腐败尸体死亡时间(PMI)新方法进行综述,并剖析PMI推断研究存在的难度和解决途径。方法对近年来利用光谱分析、色谱分析和电化学分析等仪器分析技术推断PMI研究进行系统回顾,并从PMI推断的研究对象、影响因素以及理论与系统研究现状角度分析了该项研究存在的难点。结果腐败尸体PMI推断研究在检测手段上有了一定的进展,但由于研究对象的复杂性、影响因素的多样性以及系统与理论研究的匮乏性,腐败尸体PMI准确推断依然存在挑战。结论建立以"概率论"为理论指导的PMI推断模型、拟定高校长期系统统一研究方案、完善我国死亡管理建立PMI推断大数据库等途径,有望为腐败尸体PMI准确推断带来进展。

Objective To review new progress on the estimation of the postmortem interval（ PMI） for cadavers in advanced stage of decomposition and analyze the challenges and corresponding solutions in this field. Methods PMI researches based on instrumental analysis techniques such as spectral analysis,chromatographic analysis, and electrochemical analysis in recent years were systematically reviewed.Difficulties with respect to its research object,influencing factors,and current research theories and systems were analyzed separately. Results Some progress has been made in the PMI estimation in relation to its detection methods. However,accurate estimation of PMI at late period remains challenging as its research object is very intricate,numerous factors can influence the decomposition process and there are scarce of theoretical and systematical researches in this field. Conclusion Establishing a new PMI estimation model under the guidance of ＂probability theory＂,conducting long-term unified research programs among universities,and promoting a proper death management system for large PMI databases are expected to bring breakthroughs in the accurate PMI estimation for cadavers at late periods.