上海地区67例百岁老人中医体质的聚类分析

Cluster Analysis of TCM Constitution of 67 Centenarians in Shanghai Region

目的探讨上海地区百岁老人中医体质类型特点。方法运用中医体质量表回顾分析上海市范围内67例百岁老人健康资料,采用聚类分析方法对百岁老人中医体质类型进行研究。结果 67例百岁老人其中男性35例(年龄101岁~113岁,平均105.4岁),女性32例(年龄101岁~111岁,平均108.3岁)。通过聚类分析发现百岁老人的中医体质出现频率以平和质最多(占28.24%),其次为阳虚质(占22.94%)、阴虚质(占15.88%)和气虚质(占14.12%)。且阳虚质、阴虚质常同时出现,气虚质常与痰湿质、湿热质、气郁质、血瘀质同时出现。结论聚类分析是研究百岁老人中医体质类型的有效方法之一,其聚类分析的结果结合专业知识对指导老年人养生防衰具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） constitution types of centenarians in Shanghai region. Methods A retrospective analysis was made to the health data of 67 centenarians in Shanghai region with Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire and the TCM constitution types were studied with cluster analysis. Results Out of the surveyed 67 centenarians, 35 were male（aged from101 to 113 years with the mean age of 105.42 years） and 32 were female（aged from101 to 111 years with the mean age of 108.34 years）; cluster analysis showed that the Gentleness type was of the highest frequency of TCM constitutions in the centenarians, taking up 28.24%, followed by Yang deficiency type（22.94%）, Yin deficiency type（15.88%） and Qi deficiency type（14.12%）, and Yang deficiency type and Yin deficiency type often appeared simultaneously, Qi deficiency type was often accompanied by the types of Phlegm Dampness, Dampness Heat,Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis. Conclusions Cluster analysis is one of the effective methods for the study on the TCM constitution types of centenarians, its results combined with professional knowledge are of great significance in the guidance of health preserving and antiaging for the elderly..