当代义务教育发展的特征、问题与路径

On the Current Compulsory Education:Features,Issues and Approaches

当代义务教育发展呈现四个特征：保持一贯的强制性,确保儿童教育权实现;转向对教育结果的关注,体现对质量的重视;强调儿童发展规律,重视儿童生活;作为整个教育基础,注重基础性。目前我国义务教育发展存在两大问题：质量内涵不丰富,均衡与公平层次不够。未来义务教育发展需要关注：在强制儿童入学的基础上,尊重儿童的意愿与选择;为儿童接受义务教育提供更多免费措施;将均衡发展扩大到更大范围;让义务教育改革回归＂以人为本＂的儿童世界。

The development of current compulsory education has four features. Firstly, remaining the compulsivity to ensurethe free access to education for all children. Secondly, focusing on the result of education to embody the appreciate of educationalquality. Thirdly, emphasizing the law of children ’ s development and attaching importance to children ’ s life. Finally,emphasizing the foundation of the national education. There are two issues in this field in China： the connotation of quality is notcomprehensive and the level of the balance and equity is not enough. So, the paper provides four points in promoting the development of compulsory education in China： （1） the willing and choice of children should be taken into consideration based on thecompulsivity; （2） the government should provide more free measures for compulsory education; （ 3） extend the scope of balanced development; （4） make reforms in compulsory education be fitted to the world of children.