基于主成分贡献度的道路事故热点成因分析

Traffic Accident Causation Analysis at Hotspots

事故热点成因分析是解决交通安全问题的关键和难点,不同成因的事故热点直接决定驾驶人或自动驾驶的通过策略。针对DTH3N算法聚类得到的事故热点展开研究,提出一种基于主成分贡献度的道路事故热点成因分析方法。通过对5类事故热点成因因素:道路、行人、车辆、环境和管制因素贡献度的分析,提取事故热点道路物理成因和社会成因的影响权值。基于英国STATs19数据库选取5个测试区域进行实验分析,结果表明,由事故热点成因分析方法获取的输出参数能够合理解释事故热点成因,可有效指导驾驶行为决策和优化交通管制。

The key to and difficulty in solving traffic safety problems lie in the causes of accident at hotspots. The accident hotspots caused by different factors determine the operation strategies for drivers and automatic vehicles. Through researching the accident hotspots with the clustering DTH3N algorithm, this paper proposes an analytical method to identify the causes of road accident hotspots based on main accident contributing factors. By analyzing the contributions of five types of accident causation factors at hotspots, namely road, pedestrian, vehicle, environment, and regulation, the paper calculates the influencing weights of both road physical and social factors for accident hotspots. The paper conducts an experimental analysis on five selected testing areas from the British STATs19 database. The results show that the output parameters obtained from the analytical method on accident hotspot serve as a reasonable explanation for the causes of accident hotspots, and can provide effective guidance in driving behavior decision-making as well as in optimizing traffic control.