基于自适应遗传算法的PI控制在MPPT中的应用研究

Research on Application of PI Control Based on Adaptive Genetic Algorithm in MPPT

光伏阵列是将太阳能转化为电能的组合装置,是光伏发电系统中的核心部分。最大限度利用光伏阵列的输出能量是光伏发电技术所考虑的重要问题之一。根据硅太阳电池的电气特性,建立了硅太阳电池的等效数学模型,介绍了传统电导增量法实现最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的基本原理,并针对该方法电压扰动步长的不足,提出了一种基于自适应遗传算法的数字PI控制变步长跟踪方法,通过Matlab/simulink进行S函数建模和仿真,实现了光伏阵列最大功率点(MPP)的跟踪。仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够快速准确的跟踪最大功率点,使系统具有良好的动态性能和稳定性能。

Photovoltaic array,a combined device to convert solar energy into electric energy,is the core of photovoltaic system. Maximizing the output energy of PV modules is one of the important issues considered in photovoltaic technology. Firstly,the equivalent mathematical model is established in accord with the electrical characteristics of silicon solar cells and the basic principle of maximum power point tracking（MPPT） is introduced. Secondly,this paper proposed a kind of variable step tracking method,digital PI control based on adaptive genetic algorithm,which aimed to improve the flaws of voltage disturbance step. Finally,the S-function and simulation are carried out by Matlab/simulink to realize the tracking of the maximum power point（MPP）of Photovoltaic array. The simulation results show that this kind of control method can track the maximum power point quickly and accurately,and the system has good dynamic and stable performance.