苄基四氢异喹啉类生物碱的微生物转化

The Microbial Transformation of Benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines Alkaloids

苄基四氢异喹啉类生物碱广泛分布于木兰科、防己科、番荔枝科、罂粟科、芸香科、樟科、小檗科等植物中,具有抗肿瘤、镇痛、止咳、降压、抗菌、抗炎、免疫抑制等多种生理活性,吗啡、罗通定、可待因、青藤碱、罂粟碱等多种药物已应用于临床。鉴于其广泛的临床应用,苄基四氢异喹啉类生物碱的结构修饰成为研究的热点,微生物转化由于效率高、手性及立体选择性强、反应条件温和、成本低、反应过程绿色环保等特点,在天然产物的结构修饰中应用越来越广泛。本文综述了微生物转化在苄基四氢异喹啉类生物碱结构修饰中的应用,为更深入的研究苄基四氢异喹啉类生物碱提供一定的依据。

Benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines alkaloids are widely distributed in Magnoliaceae,Menispermaceae,Annonaceae,Papaveraceae,Rutaceae,Lauraceae,Berberidaceae plants. which have varieties of physiological activities,such as anti-tumor,anti-HIV,analgesic,antitussive hypotensive,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,immunosuppressive and so on. Some of them are widely used in clinical practice,such as morphine,rotundine,codeine,sinomenine,papaverine,etc. In view of its extensive clinical application,the structural modification of benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines alkaloids is a research hotspot. Recently,microbial transformation is more and more widely used in structural modification of natural products. Due to its high efficiency,strong chirality and stereoselectivity,mild reaction conditions,low cost and green environmental protection. In this paper,we have reviewed the application of microbial transformation in the structural modification of benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines alkaloids,which could provide a basis for the further study of benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines alkaloids.