儿童呼吸病房空气菌落数与床位数的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation Between the Number of Air Colonies and the Number of Beds in Children's Respiratory Wards

目的:研究儿童呼吸病房床位数与病房空气菌落数相关性。方法:将儿童呼吸病区同等面积的4个病房设置试验A组(1个床位、2名陪护)、试验B组(2个床位、4名陪护)、试验C组(3个床位、6名陪护)和试验D组(4个床位、8名陪护),病房的其他条件均保持相同;采用平板暴露沉降法采样并检测病房空气菌落数量,采样时间为2016年4月~2017年3月,每周监测2 d,每天、早、中晚各采样1次,每组各监测300例次;根据国家标准《医院消毒卫生标准》(GB 15982-2012)中Ⅲ类环境区域内空气平均菌落数量≤4 CFU/(5 min·Φ90 mm皿)进行评价,并分析菌落数与床位数、采样时间点的相关性。结果:4个病房空气菌落数为7.43~21.12 CFU/(5 min·Φ90 mm皿),均高于评价标准中环境Ⅲ类区域内空气细菌总数的要求;线性趋势分析显示,随着病房床位数的增加其对应的空气菌落数量的均值也随之增加(y=3.14 x+5.625,r=0.993 9),病房空气菌落数量随着采样时间点的早中晚变化呈上升趋势(y=2.498 8 x+8.478 3,r=0.999 4)。结论:儿童呼吸病房的床位数是影响病房空气质量的因素之一。

Objective： To study the correlation between the number of beds in the children＇s respiratory ward and the number of air colonies in the ward. Methods： A total of 4 wards with the same area in department of children＇s respiration were set as group A（ 1 bed,2 escorts）,group B（ 2 beds,4 escorts）,group C（ 3 beds,6 escorts） and group D（ 4 beds,8 escorts） respectively,and the other conditions remain the same. The plate exposure settlement method was used to sample and detect the number of air colonies in the wards. Samples were taken in the morning,at noon and in the evening each day and monitored for 2 days per week from April 2016 to March 2017. 300 cases were monitored in each group. According to the national standard Hospital Disinfection Hygienic Standard（ GB 15982-2012）,the average number of air colonies in type III environmental region is less than 4 CFU/（ 5 min.90 mm dish）. The correlation between the number of colonies and the number of beds and the sampling time point was analyzed. Results： The number of air colonies in the four experimental groups was between7. 43 ~ and 21. 12 CFU/（ 5 min·Φ90 mm dishes）. All of them were higher than that in the evaluation criteria. The linear trend analysis showed that as the number of beds increased,the mean number of air colonies increased（ y = 3. 14 x ＋ 5. 625,r = 0. 9 939） and the number of air colonies in the wards showed an increasing trend with the change of sampling time from morning to evening.（ y =2. 4 988 x ＋ 8. 4 783,r = 0. 9 994）. Conclusion： The number of beds in children＇s respiratory wards is one of the factors that affects air quality in wards.