国内外化工过程安全管理发展历程及实施对比

Comparison of Development and Implementation of Domestic and Aboard Chemical Process Safety Management

运用比较学方法,从名称、性质、适用范围、法规标准、实施特点等方面系统对比国内外化工过程安全管理的发展历程及实施情况,结果表明,国外工业化国家形成了"法规为底线,标准作指导,倡议促提升"的单主线、多层级的法规体系,企业在实施中将多个管理系统融合。我国建立了以标准为框架,专项法规作补充的多主线、单层级的化工过程安全管理法规模式。最后,对我国化工过程安全管理工作提出了建议。

Adopting a method of comparison,the development and implementation of chemical process safety management at home and abroad were compared systematically in aspects of the name of management system, property, scope of application,characteristic of regulations,implementation features,etc. Finally,some suggestions on the legislation and implementation of chemical process safety management in China were put forward. The results show that a single main line,multi-level regulatory system of chemical process safety management in foreign industrialized countries has been formed after years of development,in which the regulations are taken as the bottom lines,the standard as the guidance,initiatives as an incentive. The enterprises have integrated a large number of existing management system in the process of implementation. And in China,a multi-mainline,single-levelregulation model of chemical process safety management has been established in recent years,in which the related standard is taken as the framework and other special regulations as a supplement. Finally,suggestions for the safety management of chemical process in China are put forward.