丹霞梧桐群落特征比较研究

Community Characteristics Comparison of Firminan danxiaensis Species

丹霞梧桐(Firminana danxiaensis Huse et H.S.Kiu)是丹霞地貌的特有物种,为国家二级重点保护野生植物,目前仅在广东韶关地区有发现。为科学、有效地保护该珍稀物种,我们对韶关地区丹霞梧桐的资源状况和群落特征进行调查研究。结果表明,丹霞梧桐在韶关地区的分布以丹霞山和南雄山地为主,两地丹霞梧桐数量和特征存在一定差异。丹霞山群体的总株数多于南雄,但平均冠幅、胸径和树高小于南雄,南雄群体树体相对高大,长势较好。典型群落植物种类及其生活型调查结果显示,丹霞山和南雄两地丹群梧桐群落中的维管植物种类相近,分别为60种和59种。丹霞山群落中的植物科属更为丰富,南雄群落中的蕨类植物和乔木种类多于丹霞山。两地群落中高位芽植物均占优势,但丹霞山的地面芽植物和一年生植物比例高于南雄。根据丹霞梧桐的分布特点和群落特征,今后可在进一步扩大调查范围,发现新种群的基础上,采取划分保护小区,开展人工繁育和种群回归的方式对该珍稀物种进行有效保护。

Firminan danxiaensis is endangered and endemic species disturbed in Shaoguan region,Guangdong Province. To explore the community characteristics of this rare species,according to the Raunkiaer＇s classification system,we investigated the Firminan danxiaensis community in Shaoguan region. The results showed that currently main disturbed areas were Danxia Mountain and Nanxiong,the total trees numbers were more than 7 000. Danxia Mountain has more individuals,but the average height and DBH are small than that of Nanxiong. Two communities have similar plant compositions. There are60 and 59 plant species in Danxia Mountain and Nanxiong,respectively. The phanerophytes are dominant plants both in two communities. According to the resutls,we proposed to expand the investigation areas to find the new populations. Moreover,division protection areas and artificial breeding are necessary for the conservation of this rare species.