苍耳子的本草考证

A Review about Tracing the Source of Xanthii Fructus

苍耳子入药历史悠久,在《神农本草经》中列为中品。通过系统梳理历代文献,可知古代文献对苍耳子的记载较为简单,其基源归属还仅限于简单的形态描述和绘图,难以确定药材对应的植物基源。现在市场上的苍耳子主要来自植物苍耳,少量来自蒙古苍耳。本文结合历代本草、《中国药典》及各地方标准等资料,系统总结苍耳子药用植物的历史变迁,进行本草考证,为苍耳子药用植物的进一步开发和利用提供依据。

Xanthii Fructus has a long clinical history,and is classified as middle grade in ＂ Shen Nong＇s Herbal Classic ＂. Through analyzing the ancient literatures systematically,we find that the record in ancient literatures about Xanthii Fructus is limited,only simple description and illustration about the origin plant. It is difficult to determine the corresponding medicinal plant species. Xanthii Fructus mainly derives from Xanthium sibiricum,occasionally from X. mongolicum. Herein,the ancient herbal literatures,Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the local standards literatures were systematically compared and analyzed in this paper,to trace the source of Xanthii Fructus,and to provide the basis for further studying and using this herb.