廊下派芝诺笔下的爱欲和城邦

The Stoic Ideas of Eros and Polis by Zeno

廊下派创始人芝诺在其名作《政制》中,将爱欲置于"智者城邦"的语境下考察。在他的笔下,爱欲并非如传统所理解的那样是一种激情,而是一种合乎理性的情感。这种情感能够使年长的爱欲者或智者把年轻的被爱欲者教育成具备德性的人,并最终使两者之间产生理性化的友爱。正是通过友爱,智者城邦才实现了内部性的自由与和谐。后来,廊下派将芝诺的友爱转化成更具普遍性的理性情感即博爱,以守护"宇宙城邦",但此博爱并非基督教和启蒙哲学中的激情式博爱。总之,爱若斯完全是一个理性神,并守护着城邦的安全与秩序。

Zeno,the creator of Stoicism,studied Eros in the context of sophists＇ s polis. Eros was not the traditional passion,but a kind of rational feeling which led elder givers of Eros or sophists to turn younger Eros receivers into moral people,and eventually ignited rational friendly affection between them. It was by this affection that sophists polis achieved internal freedom and harmony.Later,Zeno transformed friendly affection into universal love,which is rational and different from passionate one in Christianity or the philosophy of enlightenment,in order to protect universal polis. In summary,Eros is the god of ration who protect the safety and order of polis.