基于自动饲喂系统的肉鸡采食行为与生产性能的相关性

Relationship between feeding behavior and production performance of broiler chickens based on automatic feeding system

【目的】研究肉鸡采食行为对生产性能的影响,为鸡饲养管理提供参考依据。【方法】采用由自动饲喂系统收集的45日龄黄羽肉鸡采食行为和生产性能数据,通过统计描述鸡采食行为24 h的变化规律,对鸡群的各个采食行为和生产性能进行相关性分析。【结果】鸡群1 d中存在2个采食高峰,分别是06:00—10:00和17:00—19:00;在采食高峰期前期或末期鸡群的平均单只采食速率更高,最高约为3.0 g·min^(–1);鸡只的单次采食行为(单次采食量、单次采食时长、单次采食速率)与生产性能(日均采食量、平均日增质量、饲料转化率)存在显著相关;鸡只的日均采食次数与平均日增质量存在显著负相关,与饲料转化率存在显著正相关;鸡只日均采食时长与生产性能无显著相关。【结论】鸡的单次采食行为与生产性能之间联系紧密,选育采食次数少的鸡只可提高生产性能。

【Objective】To investigate the effects of feeding behavior on production performance of broiler chickens, and provide references for chicken management.【Method】The automatic feeding system was used to collect the data of feeding behavior and production performance for 45-day-old yellow-feather broiler chickens. The change of feeding behavior for chickens over 24 hours was summarized. The correlation between feeding behavior and production performance was analyzed.【Result】There were two peaks of feeding in one day including the times from 06：00 to 10：00 and from 17：00 to 19：00. The average feeding speed per chicken of the flock was higher in the early or late time of the feeding peaks and the highest feeding speed was about 3.0 g·min^（–1）. The correlation between single feeding behaviors（single feed intake, single feeding duration, single feeding speed） and production performances（average daily feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversation ratio） were significant. The average number of daily meals was significantly negatively correlated with averagedaily gain, while positively correlated with feed conversation ratio. The average duration of daily feeding time was not significantly correlated with production performance.【Conclusion】There is a close relationship between single feeding behavior and production performance of chickens. The production performance can be increased by selecting chickens having less number of daily meals.