乡村幼儿园建设问题与设计策略思考--以四川省雅安市汉源县唐家集贤幼儿园为例

REFLECTIONS ON THE CONSTRUCTION PROBLEMS AND DESIGN STRATEGIES OF THE RURAL KINDERGARTEN: A CASE STUDY OF TANGJIA JIXIAN KINADERGARTEN IN HANYUAN,YA'AN,SICHUAN PROVINCE,CHINA

我国城乡发展不平衡,导致乡村公共性配套设施及服务严重缺乏,其中儿童早期教育(3~5岁)问题尤为突出。乡村幼儿教育及配套设施的贫乏、乡村幼儿教育理念的缺位、建设规范与管理的对位性不足等问题,制约着乡村幼儿园的发展,需要我们面对具体问题寻求解决措施。四川省雅安市汉源县唐家集贤幼儿园是壹基金对"4.20庐山大地震"灾后幼儿园援建计划中十多所幼儿园之一。项目团队有幸参与项目建设的全过程。本文以此案例为切入点,对乡村幼儿园发展与建设进行针对性的思考,基于可持续发展的全过程设计管理与问题导向的设计策略,有利于更深刻理解与处理乡村建设中的现实问题。设计上,通过对乡村场地和建造的回应、游戏空间的塑造以及公共性空间的营造,不但为乡村幼儿园赋予更丰富的内涵,也为乡村创造一个全新的场所。

The uneven development between the urban and rural areas leads to the serious lack of the rural public facilities and the problem of the early education for the children of 3～5 years old. The weakly developments of the rural kindergartens are lack of the early education departments and facilities, absent of the educational philosophy, and short of the effectiveness between the building codes and management, which are urgent to solve. Tangjia kindergarten in Ya＇an, Sichuan province is one of the more than ten rebuilt kindergartens after the ＂4.20 Earthquake＂, which are supported by the One Foundation. Atelier Y was invited to join the project in the overall process. This paper intends to rethink the problem of the development and the construction of the rural kindergartens through the case study. The design management in the overall process basing on the sustainable idea and the design strategies basing on the real problem could give a deeper understanding of the problem of rural situation. In the aspect of architectural design, through the response to the rural environment and building construction, the shaping of the typical playgrounds, and the providing of the public space, this case not only gives more meanings to the kindergarten but also shapes a new location for the village.