胎儿异常孕妇社会支持及家庭关怀现状调查分析

Survey and analysis on present situation of social support and family care for pregnant women with fetal abnormality

目的调查胎儿异常孕妇社会支持及家庭关怀的现状,并探讨社会支持及家庭关怀对孕妇心理的影响。方法采用一般情况调查表、社会支持评定量表、家庭关怀度指数量表、焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表对210例胎儿异常孕妇进行问卷调查。结果胎儿异常孕妇社会支持总分为(41.03±6.71)分,社会支持低分35例(16.7%),一般118例(56.2%),高分57例(27.1%);家庭关怀总分(7.20±2.52)分,家庭功能严重障碍19例(9.0%)、家庭功能中度障碍60例(28.6%)、家庭功能良好131例(62.4%);有良好社会支持及家庭关怀的孕妇焦虑、抑郁得分显著低于社会支持及家庭关怀较差者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。社会支持、家庭关怀总分及其各条目与焦虑、抑郁均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论胎儿异常孕妇社会支持及家庭关怀均处于中等水平,良好的社会支持及家庭关怀可以改善胎儿异常孕妇的负性情绪。

Objective To investigate the present situation of social support and family care for pregnant women with fetal abnormality and study the impacts of social support and family care for pregnant women＇s psychology.Method Investigate 210 pregnant women with fetal abnormality by general information questionnaire,social support rate scale（SSRS）,family APGAR index,self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）and Edingburgh postnatal depression scale（EPDS）.Result The total score on social support for pregnant women with fetal abnormality is（41.03±6.71）.35 cases（16.7%）is low,118 cases（56.2%）is normal and 57 cases（27.1%）is high on score of social support.The total score on family care is（7.20±2.52）,in which 19 cases（9.0%）have serious obstacle in family function,60 cases（28.6%）have moderate obstacle in family function and 131 cases（62.4%）have nice family function.Pregnant women with nice social support and family care get lower score on anxiety and depression than pregnant women with poor social support and family care.The difference is significant（P〈0.05）.The total score on social support and family care and each dimension all have negative correlation with anxiety and depression（P0.05）.Conclusion Social support and family care for pregnant women with fetal abnormality is in middle level.Nice social support and family care can relieve negative emotions of pregnant women with fetal abnormality.