医联体背景下基层医疗机构面临的困境及对策研究

Study on the Dilemma and Countermeasures of the Primary Medical Institutions under the Background of Medical Alliance

论述了基层医疗机构在医联体建设中的地位与作用,明确了各级医疗机构的定位与功能,总结了基层医疗机构的发展现状及其面临的设备设施落后、全科医生短缺且水平偏低、人才流失严重和接受上级医院转诊率低的现实困境。究其原因,主要与医疗财政投入不足、全科医学教育体系不健全、基层全科医生职业获得感低等密切相关。在此基础上,对医联体内基层医疗机构的发展从政府、医疗机构、患者和医学人才四个方面提出相应的对策,以期促进基层医疗机构的健康可持续发展。

This paper discusses the position and function of the primary medical institutions in the construction of the medical alliance,clarifies the orientation and function of the medical institutions at all levels,and summarizes the present situation of the development of the primary medical institutions and the problems such as their backward equipment and facilities,and the shortage and low level of the general practitioners,serious brain drain and low referral rate in higher hospitals.The reasons are mainly related to the insufficiency of medical financial investment,the imperfect system of general medicine education and the low sense of professional acquisition of general practitioners at the basic level.On this basis,the corresponding countermeasures of the development of primary medical institutions in the medical alliance from the government,medical institutions,patients and medical personnel four aspects are proposed,in order to promote the grass-roots level and make sure its healthy and sustainable development.