基于公共性与私密性的失智老人护理单元设计思考

REFLECTION ON NURSING UNIT DESIGN FOR THE ELDERLY WITH DEMENTIA BASED ON PUBLICITY AND PRIVACY

随着人口老龄化速度的加快,失智症患者总量逐年上升。失智症老人护理机构是老人生活的场所,同时又是护工的工作场所,具有"公共性"与"私密性"的双重性质。本文运用观察、访谈的方法,通过对护理单元中失智老人行为与护工护理行为的分析,基于多元化、归属感、识别性、适当性的设计原则,从建筑布局形式、生活单元设计、护理站设计三方面提出了兼顾护工工作需求和老人生活需求的护理单元设计策略。这有助于提升护理机构的设计品质,提高失智老人和护理人员的满意度,以积极应对人口老龄化问题。

With the accelerated population aging, the total number of patients with dementia has also increased year by year. The care institutions for the elderly with dementia are the places where the elderly live and the nurses work at the same time. It has the dual nature of publicity and privacy. By means of observation and interviews, this paper analyzes the behaviors of the elderly with dementia and nurses＇ nursing in the nursing units. Based on the design principles of diversification, belonging, identification and appropriateness, this paper proposes the layout design strategies for nursing units which take the working requirements of the nurses and the living needs of the elderly into account simultaneously, from the perspectives of architectural layouts and forms, living unit designs, and nursing station designs. It would help to improve the design quality of nursing institutions and increase the satisfaction of the elderly with dementia and nurses, which would actively respond to the population aging.