抗战时期大学共同体精神培育凝练之道——基于西北联大和西南联大的比较

On the Cultivation of University Community Spirit in China during the Period of the War of Resistance against Japan——By Comparison between Southwest United University and Northwestern United University

西南联大和西北联大是抗战期间典型的大学共同体,同为战时高等教育形态,但是大学精神的凝练培育机制和精神文化传播效果存在显著差异。根据影响大学办学的宏观和微观因素,从形体稳固、主体理性、培育积淀、情感认同等4个方面,分别对两所联大的精神结构和精神文化呈现效果进行比较分析后发现,两所联大在组织架构、内部治理、情感认同等方面的差异,反映了两者在办学实践中维系使命、彰显精神的文化机制运行成效,并对后续的大学精神文化的传承产生了长远影响。塑造新时代高校共同体精神,需要从联大打造稳固的大学形态、实施内部科学治理、有效汲取时代精神、创新大学故事传播机制等方面进行借鉴。

The Southwest University and the Northwest University were the typical university communities during the War of Resistance against Japan. However,as the patter of higher education in the war,there are significant differences between the cultivation mechanism and effect of the university spirit. According to the micro factors that affect the running of the university,there are four aspects：physical stability, subjective rationality, cultivation accumulation, emotional identity, etc. It is concluded that the differences between the two universities in the organizational structure,internal governance,emotional identity and other measures reflect the mission to maintain in the practice of running a university. The effect of cultural mechanism shows that the spirit has a long-term influence on the inheritance of university spirit. Therefore,to shape the university spirit in the new era,it is necessary to create a solid university form from the general assembly and carry out the internal scientific governance,to effectively absorb the spirit of the times,and to innovate the story dissemination mechanism and other aspects for references.