尼采的“敌基督者”与“反自然”的虚无主义

The “Anti-Christ” and the Nihilism out of “Anti-nature”

通过批判犹太—基督教传统和柏拉图形而上学传统,尼采把颓废和虚无的缘由归结为"反自然",又将"反自然"的缘由归结为"真实世界"与"虚假世界"二分。尼采称自己为"自由精神"和"积极的虚无主义者"。"自由精神"的任务是价值重估,而"积极的虚无主义者"的任务则是促成"虚无主义的自我克服"。尼采通过提倡价值重估和积极的虚无主义给未来哲学奠定了基础。

By criticizing the theology of the Jewish-Christian tradition and the metaphysics of the Platonic tradition, Nietzsche suggested that the cause of decadence and nihility is the separation of the" real world" from the" apparent world", i.e." anti-nature". Nietzsche called himself" free spirit" and" positive nihilist". The purpose of" free spirit" is the trans-valuation of values; the purpose of" positive nihilist" is the" self-overcoming of nihilism". By advocating the trans-valuation of values and the positive nihilism, Nietzsche laid the foundation for the future philosophy.