政治教化视域下的妈祖文化传播

The Study of the Transmission of Mazu Culture in the Perspective of Political Education

妈祖信仰是封建统治者"神道设教"的显著个案,统治者通过众多途径塑造并利用妈祖这一传播符号推行政治教化。借助皇权的权威性,通过敕封、纳入天帝信仰体系、国家祭祀典礼等途径,向社会民众宣示妈祖信仰的合法性,宣扬蕴含其中的政治教化观念;通过传说故事、诗文、经书等信息载体,将政治教化元素融入"去巫化""神化"过程,强化其政教色彩,让社会民众在接触、膜拜妈祖过程中接受儒家政治教化。为了提高传播效果,统治者在契合民众心理需求和期待视野的过程中,也融入了大量的政治教化元素。研究政治教化视域下的妈祖文化传播,对于进一步理清宗教、准宗教文化传播与政治之间的关系具有积极意义。

Mazu Belief is a typical case that the feudal rulers created the religion to conduct the political education. Rulers created and made use of the communication symbol of Mazu to promote political education via a variety of ways. By virtue of the authority of the imperial power, by means of imperial ordering and integrating the beliefinto the belief system of the Emperor and national sacrificial ceremonies,the rulers declared the legality of Mazu Beliefto the publicand promoted the embodied concept of political education.With the information carriers such as legends, poems, and scriptures, the elements of political education were integrated into the process of ＂apotheosizing＂ and the connotation of its religion and politics was strengthened so that the public could receive Confucianism in the process of contact and worship of Mazu. In order to promote the dissemination effect, the rulers also incorporated a large number of elements of political education in the process of meeting the psychological needs and expectations of the public.It is of great significance to study the spreading of Mazu culture from the perspective of political education so as to further clarify the relationship among religious cultural communication, quasi-religious cultural communication and politics.