基础教育领域中的“职业性别隔离”现象分析

Exploring Occupational Gender Segregation in Primary Education in China

"职业性别隔离"是指单一性别群体集中于某类职业领域的现象。基础教育领域女教师的高聚集度并不能简单地归结为教师队伍性别比例失衡问题,而是一系列社会、经济、文化因素共同作用的结果。研究者通过田野调查,对基层学校中"职业性别隔离"的现象进行一种在地化、阐释性的分析。教师队伍"职业性别隔离"的形成与劳动力市场中工作性别的标识化(社会制度)、"教师/母亲"、"学校/家庭"的话语实践(学校规范)、"教师对职业选择的结构性认同"(个体互动)有着深层的隐秘联系。

＂Occupational gender segregation＂ refers to the phenomenon in which a single gender group is concentrated in a certain type of occupation. The high concentration of female teachers in the field of primary education cannot simply be attributed to the imbalance in the gender ratio of teachers, but is the result of a series of social, economic and cultural factors. Through field research, the researchers conducted an in-place and interpretive analysis of the ＂Occupational gender segregation＂ in a Chinese primary school. From the perspective of pedagogy, the formation of gender segregation in teachers＇ team has a deep hidden relationship with gender labeling in the labor market（social factors）, discourse practice of ＂teacher/mother＂, ＂school/family＂（school factors）, and individual＇s structural acceptance of career choice（individual factors）.