巴比松画派对美国荒野公园的产生带来的影响

Impact of Barbizon School on Wilderness Park in the USA

法国浪漫主义后,以泰奥多尔·卢梭为代表的对法国统治和城市生活不满的青年画家,用画笔描绘了大自然的壮美和内涵的生命力,组成了"巴比松画派"。而巴比松画派对自然荒野的描绘和赞美,让大众人民认识到荒野的美。同时,以让·雅克·卢梭为主的浪漫主义哲学家提倡的人与自然的和谐,很大程度上激发了美国人对自然的关注,直接影响到爱默生的超验主义思想,而对超验主义思想的主力实践者缪尔,对荒野公园的产生做出了不可忽视的贡献。文章主要以巴比松画派的绘画表现和其表达的思想为基础,探讨其对美国荒野公园的产生带来的影响。

After French Romanticism,a group of young painters led by Théodore Rousseau,dissatisfied with French rule and urban life,painted the vitality of the magnificence and connotation of nature with a brush,and composed the＂Barbizon School. ＂The Barbizon School portrays and compliments the natural wilderness,allowing the general public to realize the beauty of wilderness. At the same time,the harmony between man and nature advocated by romantic philosophers represented by Jean-Jacques Rousseau has largely stimulated Americans＇ attention to nature and directly influenced Emerson＇s transcendentalism. Muir,the main practitioner of transcendentalism,made a non-negligible contribution to the emergence of wilderness parks. Based on the painting performance of Barbizon School and its expression thoughts,this paper mainly discussed the impact of the Barbizon School on the emerging and development of the American wilderness parks.