浅论洪武三年刘基关于丞相候选人之评论

On Liu Ji's Comment of the Prime Minister Candidates Made in the Third Year of Emperor Hongwu's Reign

刘基在洪武三年春应明太祖之命,对其提及的3位丞相候选人杨宪、汪广洋、胡惟庸进行了评论,认为他们分别为"有相才无相器"、"褊浅"、"将偾辕而破犁"之"小犊",不适合担任丞相之职。明太祖基本上没有采纳刘基的意见,而大量历史事实证明,刘基所论甚是,此3人无论是否在丞相位置,其表现皆如刘基所论。刘基这一直言不讳的评论在现实生活中给自己带来了灾祸,伤及生命。作为一个非常聪明之人,刘基对这一后果当是能够清楚预见的,而他毫不犹豫地明白道出,说明刘基是一个不计个人安危、正直而忠于明朝新政权的人。关于丞相候选人的这番谈话,是了解在明初建国中立有大功的刘基之品德和见识的重要一环。

In the third year of Emperor Taizu's reign, Liu Ji( 刘基) made his comment on the three Prime Minister candidates, namely, Yang Xian( 杨宪), Wang Guangyang( 汪广洋), Hu Weiyong( 胡惟庸), to Emperor Taizu. According to Liu Ji, none of these three is qualified because of their personality problems. Liu Ji's opinion was not taken by the emperor while the later history proofed that Liu Ji was correct. As a very clever person, Liu Ji openly expressed his opinion without counting the consequence that might cause to himself. This episode is crucial in understanding the early Ming political history.