产业集聚背景下制造业省内转移过程与机理

The Process and Mechanism of Manufacturing Industry in the Context of Industrial Agglomeration

运用区域基尼系数与变异系数测度江苏省2001—2015年制造业集聚的状态及其演变特征,通过产业重心、区位熵与产值分别测度制造业重心、优势产地与主要产地及其省内转移的过程,且在此基础之上分析江苏省制造业省内转移的机理。研究发现:江苏省制造业集聚状态表现为先集聚后扩散的"倒U型"特征,在集聚与扩散阶段江苏省制造业重心分别在向南与向北转移;制造业优势产地变动较大,多数产业部门的优势产地由苏南转移到了苏北,但主要产地有着较强的"黏性";制造业产业在集聚阶段的转移强度低于扩散阶段,劳动密集型产业先于资本密集型与技术密集型产业转移;经济转型、承接地经济发展水平、地理距离与政府政策是影响制造业省内转移的4个主要因素。

The state and evolution characteristics of manufacturing agglomeration in Jiangsu Province from2001 to 2015 are measured by regional Gini coefficient andcoefficientofvariation.Thegravityof manufacturing industry,location entropy and output value are used to measure the manufacturing center,internal transfer process and the transfer mechanism in the province.The findings are as follows:(1)The state of agglomeration of manufacturing in Jiangsu Province shows the characteristics of"inverted U-shaped"after agglomeration and diffusion.During the period of agglomeration and diffusion,the manufacturing center of Jiangsu Province shifts southward and northward respectively.(2)The advantage of manufacturing industry fluctuates greatly.Most of the advantageous industries in the industrial sector transfer from the southern Jiangsu to the northern Jiangsu.However,the main producing areas had strong"stickiness"and the characteristics of short-distance transfer of the main producing areas are obvious,mostly occurred in the interior area of southern Jiangsu as well as southern Jiangsu and central Jiangsu.(3)The transfer intensity of the manufacturing industry in the agglomeration stage is lower than that in the diffusion stage.The laborintensive industry moves ahead of the capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries.(4)Economic restructuring,the level of economic development to undertake,geographical distance and government policies are the four major factors that have impact on the manufacturing industry in the province.