我国部分地区猪流行性腹泻、传染性胃肠炎及猪轮状病毒感染的流行现状及防控措施

Epidemic Status and Control Measures of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea,Infectious Gastroenteritis and Porcine Rotavirus Infection in Parts of China

猪流行性腹泻(PED)、猪传染性胃肠炎(TGE)和猪轮状病毒(PoRV)感染是目前危害养猪业健康发展的主要疫病,常以单独或混合感染的方式感染猪,发病急、传播速度快,哺乳仔猪发病率和病死率可达80%~100%,后备猪、母猪或育肥猪呈一过性腹泻,发病率较低。猪3种病毒性腹泻的临床表现极为相似,均以呕吐、严重腹泻、脱水和体重减轻为特征。特别自2010年以来,PEDV变异毒株的流行已对全球养猪业造成严重影响,已有的防控措施已经不能应对新的流行态势。近年来,针对PEDV、TGEV、PoRV毒株流行变化及防控措施研究较多,许多新技术或新手段已应用至猪3种病毒性腹泻的控制。论文基于当前3种病毒的遗传变异分析和流行现状,从饲养管理、免疫预防、中药疗法、干扰疗法、特异疗法及返饲疗法等方面对防控措施进行综述。

PED,TGE and PoRV infection are the main diseases that endanger the healthy development of swine industry,and often infect pigs by means of individual or mixed infections,rapid onset,fast transmission,morbidity and mortality rate of suckling piglets can reach 80%-100%,and the incidence of the reserve pigs,sows or fattening pigs is low with one-time diarrhea.The clinical manifestations of 3 swine viral diarrhea are very similar,characterized by vomiting,severe diarrhea,dehydration and weight loss.Especially since 2010,the prevalence of PEDV mutant strains has been a serious impact on the global pig industry,the existing control measures have not been able to cope with new trends.In recent years,there are more researches on the epidemic changes and control measures of PED,TGE and PoRV,infection and many new techniques or methods have been applied to 3 swine viral diarrhea.Based on the analysis of genetic variation and epidemic status of 3 kinds of viruses,this paper reviewed the prevention and control measures from the aspects of feeding management,immunization prevention,traditional Chinese medicine therapy,interference therapy,specific therapy and return therapy.