维生素B12与妊娠相关疾病关系的研究进展

Advances in Relationship between Vitamin B12 and Pregnancy-related Diseases

维生素B12是人体内重要的微量元素,人体内所需要的量均从食物中摄取。维生素B12作为辅酶参与细胞内多种反应,如在哺乳动物体内,其参与同型半胱氨酸及甲基丙二酸的合成代谢,同型半胱氨酸及甲基丙二酸在人体内蓄积时,会引起机体多系统功能障碍。因此,当维生素B12缺乏或者不足时会影响机体多系统功能。在妊娠期,蛋白质合成代谢及线粒体能量转换会增强,这对维生素B12的需要量会增加,会更易引起维生素B12不足或者缺乏。在妊娠期,维生素B12缺乏可以引起妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症等产科疾病,同时也能引起新生儿甲基丙二酸血症、胎儿生长受限等疾病。

Vitamin B12 is one of the most important microelements in the body, the amount needed of which can be taken from food. As a coenzyme, vitamin B12 participates in a series of celluar reactions. In mammals, for example, it is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid and multi-system dysfunctions will happen when they accumulate in human body. When it is insufficient, multi-system dysfunctions will happen. In gestation period, enhanced protein biosynthesis and mitochondrial energy conversion increases the requisite amount of vitamin B12. Due to the increased requirement of it, vitamin B12 is more prone to suffer from deficiency. Absencing of vitamin B12, during gestation period, has implications including hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy etc. Furthermore neonate methylmalonic acidemia, fetal intrauterine growth restriction and other diseases will be arised.