基于生态系统服务价值评估的东江流域生态补偿研究

Ecological Compensation of Dongjiang River Basin Based on Evaluation of Ecosystem Service Value

生态补偿有利于协调区域经济发展与生态环境保护的关系。通过现场调研和数据分析,构建适用于东江流域的生态系统服务价值当量因子表,对东江流域生态系统服务价值进行评估,确定其生态补偿标准。引入生态补偿优先级(ECPS)指标对东江流域19县市生态补偿的迫切程度进行量化。结果表明:(1)东江流域生态系统服务总价值为1 711.41亿元,其中,森林生态系统价值占总价值的86.17%;一类生态服务中调节服务价值最显著;二类生态服务中水文调节功能价值最显著。(2)东江流域理论生态补偿总额度为1 047.26亿元,其中,森林生态系统补偿价值为880.21亿元,占总补偿额度的84.05%,是区域生态补偿的核心。(3)东江流域19县市生态补偿实际额度为68.73亿元,其中,东源县补偿额度最高,为16.76亿元。(4)东江流域19县市生态补偿优先级顺序为东源、安远、寻乌、紫金、新丰、连平、龙川、和平、定南、龙门、兴宁、惠东、博罗、惠阳、河源市区、惠州市区、增城市、东莞和深圳。

Ecological compensation is conducive to coordinating the relationship between regional economic development and ecological environment protection. The equivalence factor method was used to evaluate the ecosystem service value of Dongjiang River Basin and the equivalent weight table of ecosystem service value of Dongjiang River Basin was conducted.Furthermore,according to the benefit range of ecosystem service function,the theoretical ecological compensation standard of Dongjiang River Basin was determined. Finally,the ecological compensation priority sequence（ ECPS） was introduced to determine the urgency of ecological compensation in 19 counties and cities along Dongjiang River Basin and the ecological compensation standard of each county and city of Dongjiang River Basin was investigated. The results show that the total value of ecosystem services in Dongjiang River Basin is 171. 141 billion yuan,in which the forest ecosystem value accounted for 86. 17% of the total value. The regulating service is the most important function in the first ecological service types,and the hydrological regulation is the most significant function in secondary ecological service types. The total theoretical value of ecological compensation of Dongjiang River Basin is 104. 726 billion yuan,in which the forest ecosystem compensation value is 88. 021 billion yuan,accounting for 84. 05% of the total compensation value. The forest ecosystem compensation value is the core of regional ecological compensation. The actual total amount of ecological compensation of19 counties and cities of Dongjiang River Basin is 6. 873 billion yuan,of which the amount for Dongyuan County is thehighest at 1. 676 billion yuan. The priority order of ecological compensation of 19 counties and cities in Dongjiang River Basin is DongyuanAnyuanXunwuZijinXinfengLianpingLongchuanHepingDingnanLongmenXingningHuidongBoluoHuiyangHeyuanHuizhouZengchengDongguanShenzhen.