摘要
为培育出高品质的绿竹笋,提高绿竹林的经济效益,通过测定覆土和不覆土栽培下绿竹笋的外观形态和可食率、营养物质、纤维素类物质和主要呈味物质、氨基酸含量及占比,分析不同栽培措施对绿竹笋的品质和适口性的影响。结果表明:覆土后绿竹笋个体质量、基径、长度和可食率分别比不覆土栽培增加了21.32%、13.55%、19.36%和68.06%,且均达到差异显著水平;覆土后绿竹笋蛋白质和脂肪含量分别比不覆土栽培降低了26.63%和60.84%,而可溶性糖和水分含量分别比不覆土栽培提高了16.81%和1.90%;覆土栽培后绿竹笋内总酸、单宁、草酸、纤维素和木质素分别比不覆土栽培降低了60.08%、42.62%、44.83%、34.71%和60.93%;苦味、鲜味、甜味和芳香类氨基酸含量均升高,但苦味氨基酸占比则显著降低。综合分析认为,覆土栽培显著改善了绿竹笋的外观形态和笋的质量,使得绿竹笋的鲜味、香味和甜味增加,苦味、涩味和粗糙度降低,绿竹笋的品质和适口性得到了显著的改善。
In order to cultivate high-quality Dendrocalamopsis oldhamishoot,improve economic efficiency of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami forests,the appearance and edible rate,nutrients,cellulose and main flavor substances,amino acid contents and their proportion of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami shoot from soil-covered bamboo cultivation stand were investigated. The result showed: compared with the non-covered stand,the individual quality,diameter,length and edible rate of the soil-covered stand increased by 21.32%,13.55%,54.37% and68.06%,all reached a significant level; when covered with soil,the protein and fat contents of shoots decreased by 26.63% and 60.84% respectively,while the soluble sugar and moisture contents increased by 16.81% and1.90% respectively; compared with the non-covered stand,the total acid,tannin,oxalic acid,cellulose and lignin of the soil-covered stand were reduced by 60.08%,42.62%,44.83%,34.71% and 60.93%,respectively;bitter,umami,sweet and aromatic amino acids increased,but the proportion of bitter amino acids decreased significantly. Comprehensive analysis showed,soil-covered cultivation can significantly improve the appearance quality of bamboo shoots,add flavor,fragrance and sweet taste,sour taste and reduce the roughness,hence improve the quality and palatability of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami shoots significantly.
作者
童龙
张磊
李彬
耿养会
王玲
陈丽洁
TONG Long1, ZHANG Lei1, LI Bin1, GENG Yang-hui1, WANG Ling1, CHEN Li-jie1(1.Chongqing Academy of Forestry, Chongqing 400036, China;2. Forest Bureau of Rongehang County, Rongehang, Chongqing 402460, Chin)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期487-493,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
重庆市社会民生科技创新专项项目
重庆市中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(渝林科推[2015]11号)~~
关键词
绿竹
覆土栽培
品质
适口性
Dendrocalamopsis oldhami
soil-covered cultivation
shoot quality
shoot palatability