全球健康治理策略与思考

Global health governance strategy and thinking

目的探讨健康问题全球化背景下,国际社会应该如何利用健康峰会这一新途径来更好地参与全球健康治理,实现人类可持续发展目标。方法系统查阅近3年与健康主题相关的文献资料,运用主题内容分析法分析全球峰会与全球健康治理的相关内容,聚焦国际峰会的健康议题,总结更合理有效的全球卫生健康策略。结果检索的45篇文献中,全球性峰会15篇,占纳入文献的33.33%;区域性峰会30篇,占66.67%;峰会主题涉及政治、经济、安全、全球健康、环境、教育、文化和农业,其中,健康相关主题的文献仅占8.89%;2015年以后,健康相关议题有所增多,但仍然缺乏特定的健康峰会。峰会形成的健康议题成果大多是一些不具强制约束力的呼吁、倡议,很难落实为具体的卫生行动;峰会主办地也主要集中在欧洲、北美等发达地区,发展中国家的利益诉求呼声高涨;联合国框架下的全球性峰会虽然在全球卫生健康中占据着主导地位,但在新形势下也面临种种困境。结论国际社会对于"健康"议题的关注度日益提高,但是缺乏有效的统一行动。各国应紧紧围绕"2030可持续发展战略",充分利用健康峰会这一全球健康治理新途径,积极参与全球健康治理,加强资源整合,推动国际卫生体制改革,打造全球健康命运共同体。

Objective To explore health issues in the context of globalization,how the international community should use the Health Summit as a new approach to global health governance to better participate in global health governance and achieve the goals of human sustainable development. Methods The article systematically reviewed the literature related to health topics in the past three years,used the topic content analysis method to analyze the content of global governance and global health governance,focused on the health issues of the International Summit,and summarized more rational and effective global health governance strategies. Results Of the 45 documents retrieved,15 of the included documents were global summits,accounting for 33. 33%; 30 of them were regional summits,accounting for 66. 67%; the themes of the summit related to political,economic,security,global health,environment,education,culture,and agriculture. Among them,the literature on health-related topics only accounted for 8. 89%; after 2015,health-related issues have increased,However,there was still a lack of specific health summits. Most of the health issues formed by the summit were non-binding appeals and initiatives,which were difficult to implement as specific health actions. The host venue of the summit was also concentrated in developed regions such as Europe and North America. The demand for interest from developing countries has been rising; Although the global summit under the UN framework occupied a dominant position in global health governance,it also faced various difficulties in the new situation. Conclusion The attention of the international community to the issue of ＂ health ＂ has been increasing,but there was no effective unified action. All countries should closely follow the ＂2030 Sustainable Development Strategy ＂ and fully utilize the Health Summit as a new approach to global health governance,actively participate in global health governance,strengthen resource integration,promote international health system reform,and build a community with a shared future for global health.