健康城市建设评价方法研究与实践

Study and practice on the evaluation method for Healthy City Construction

目的通过评价宜昌市健康城市建设状况,了解该市在健康城市建设方面的薄弱环节,理清影响城市健康的综合因素,为建设健康城市提供参考。方法按照全国爱国卫生运动办公室"健康城市建设评价体系"和评价方法,收集相关部门评价指标44项,计算健康城市总指数和5个维度的分指数。结果 2015—2016年宜昌市开展了健康城市建设评价指标分别是30项和31项,健康城市总指数分别为57.38和62.87。2016年按照5个维度分指数在相应综合权重占比依次为:健康服务(在相应综合权重占比89.89%、指数为18.50)、健康文化(在相应综合权重占比85.79%、指数为9.66)、健康环境(在相应综合权重占比76.47%、指数为16.12)、健康人群(在相应综合权重占比53.90%、指数7.53)、健康社会(在相应综合权重占比53.90%、指数为11.06)。从分指数看,5个维度分指数差别较大,极差值达到10.97。结论宜昌市在建设健康城市的策略和措施上进行了实践,取得了一定的成效,成为全国首批38个健康城市试点城市,评价中健康城市总指数和评价指标项次均优于去年同期水平,但各维度均有薄弱环节。应建立健康城市的监测和评价体系;建议围绕"健康中国2030规划纲要"增、减评价指标;加强对健康城市建设相关部门监测与评价的技术培训。

Objective Through evaluating the construction status of Healthy City,to understand the weak link of Healthy City Construction in our city,clarify the comprehensive factors affecting urban health,and provide reference for building Healthy City.Methods According to the ＂ Health City Construction Evaluation System＂ and evaluation methods of the National Patriotic Health Movement office,44 evaluation indexes from relevant department were collected to carry out the evaluation of Healthy City Construction,and the total index of the Healthy City and the sub-index of 5 dimensions were calculated. Results 30 and 31 evaluation indexes of Healthy City Construction were carried out in 2015 and 2016 respectively,and the total index of Healthy City was57. 38 and 62. 87 respectively. In 2016,the proportions of the index according to five dimensions in the corresponding comprehensive weights from high to low were： Health Service,Health Culture,Health Environment,Health Population,Health Society,and Organizational Security, which were 18. 50（ 89. 89%）, 9. 66（ 85. 79%）, 16. 12（ 76. 47%）, 16. 12（ 76. 47%）, 7. 53（ 53. 90%）,respectively. The range of five dimensions were significant with a max of 10. 97. Conclusions The strategies and measures of construction of Healthy City has been carried out in a city,certain effectiveness was achieved. It has become the first batch of 38 pilot cities in Healthy Cities. The evaluated indexes and total index were superior to the same period as compared with that of the last year. However,there were still weak links in each dimension. Firstly,a monitoring and evaluation system for Healthy City should be established. Secondly,it is suggested that some evaluation indicators should be Increased and decreased in the ＂ Healthy China2030 Plan＂. Finally,technical training for the monitoring and evaluation of the relevant departments of Healthy City Construction should be strengthened.