TEX的细化及TEX基高聚物黏结炸药的制备与性能表征

Preparation and Performance Characterization of Ultrafined TEX and TEX Based Polymer Bonded Explosives

为了探究晶体形貌和粒径大小对4,10-二硝基-2,6,8,12-四氧杂-4,10-二氮杂四环[5.5.0.05,9.03,11]十二烷(TEX)及其高聚物黏结炸药(PBX)性能的影响,先利用溶剂非溶剂重结晶法制备超细TEX,再利用溶液水悬浮法制备了超细TEX基PBX。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光粒度仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、热重分析(TG)、差示扫描热量法(DSC)对样品进行了表征和热分析;并测试了细化前后TEX及其PBX的机械感度。结果表明:超细TEX的中值粒径从原料的102.23μm减小到4.53μm,粒度分布均匀且大多呈微球形;与原料TEX及其PBX相比,超细TEX及其PBX的最大热失重温度分别提高了6.93℃和8.36℃;超细TEX的表观活化能和热爆炸临界温度比原料TEX分别提高了22%和4.96℃,具有更好的热稳定性,机械感度下降明显。

For exploring the effect of crystal morphology and particle size on the properties of 4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo-[5. 5. 0. 05,9. 03,11] dodecane（ TEX） and TEX based polymer bonded explosives（ PBX）,a serious of TEX based PBX composites have been prepared. The ultrafine TEX based PBX composites were prepared by aqueous suspension method and the use of ultrafine TEX was recrystallization by solvent antisolvent method. Scanning electron microscope（ SEM）,laser particle size analyzer,X-ray diffraction（ XRD）,thermogravimetry（ TG） and differential scanning calorimeter（ DSC） were employed to characterize the samples.The mechanical sensitivity of TEX and TEX based PBX were also tested. As the results show,the median particle size of ultrafine TEX decreased from 102. 23 μm to 4. 53 μm,the particle size distribution was uniform and most of them were microspherical. In comparison with the raw TEX and raw TEX based PBX,the DTG peak temperature of ultrafine TEX and ultrafine TEX based PBX increased 6. 93 ℃ and 8. 36 ℃,respectively. The apparent activation energy and critical temperature of thermal explosion of ultrafine TEX increased by 22% and 4. 96 ℃ compared with raw TEX. The thermal stability of the ultrafine TEX and ultrafine TEX based PBX greatly improved,and their mechanical sensitivity were also decreased significantly.