胡麻苗期阔叶杂草藜高效防除药剂田间筛选

Screening of High Efficiency Herbicide for Controling Broadleaf Weed Chenopodium Album at Flax Seedling Stage by Field Experiment

开展了40%2甲·辛酰溴EC等5种除草剂以及40%2甲·辛酰溴EC+48%灭草松AS等9个混用组合防除胡麻田阔叶杂草藜的田间试验,旨在筛选出对胡麻更为安全、对阔叶杂草藜具优良防效的新型除草剂及其混用组合,为安全、有效防除藜提供科学依据。结果表明,30%辛酰溴苯腈EC、40%2甲·辛酰溴EC+48%灭草松AS、30%辛酰溴苯腈EC+48%灭草松AS、40%2甲·辛酰溴EC+30%苯唑草酮SC和30%辛酰溴苯腈EC+30%苯唑草酮SC苗期茎叶喷雾对胡麻安全;对阔叶杂草藜具优良防效,药后45 d的株防效在94.74%~98.24%之间,鲜重防效在96.30%~99.11%之间;对胡麻增产效果显著,产量在2683.35~2830.05 kg/hm^2之间,较未除草对照(CK)增产60.57%~69.35%,较人工除草增产3.92%~9.60%。从安全性、除草效果和产量3方面综合评价,上述5种除草剂(组合)及其混用组合是苗期茎叶喷雾防除胡麻田阔叶杂草藜的安全、高效除草剂,其大面积示范推广的适宜剂量分别为1500 mL/hm^2、750 mL/hm^2+2250 mL/hm^2、750 mL/hm^2+2250 mL/hm^2、750 mL/hm^2+180 mL/hm^2和750 mL/hm^2+180 mL/hm^2。

In order to screen out safe and high effective herbicides and their mixtures to effectively control goosefoot（ Chenopodium album） in flax field and provide corresponding scientific instruction,control effects of 5 herbicides and their 9 mixtures were carried out. The results showed that 30% Bromoxynil octanoate EC,40% MCPA-sodium · bromoxynil octanoate EC ＋ 48% Bentazone AS,30%Bromoxynil octanoate EC ＋ 48% Bentazone AS,40% MCPA-sodium·bromoxynil octanoate EC ＋ 30%topramezone SC and 30% Bromoxynil octanoate EC ＋ 30% topramezone SC were safe to flax by foliage spraying,and it had excellent control effects on goosefoot in flax field. The plant and fresh weight control effects on goosefoot 45 days after spraying were 94. 74% ~ 98. 24% and 96. 30% ~ 99. 11%,respectively. Application of these herbicides significantly increased the yield of flax which were between2683. 35 ~ 2830. 05 kg/hm^2,and yield increase rates were between 60. 57% ~ 69. 35% compared with that without any treatment（ CK）,and between 3. 92% ~ 9. 60% compared with that of manual weeding.The above five herbicides（ mixtures） were safe and high effective for controlling C. album in flax field,and the suitable dosages for large-scale demonstration and popularization were 1500 mL/hm^2,750 mL/hm^2＋ 2250 mL/hm^2,750 mL/hm^2＋ 2250 mL/hm^2,750 mL/hm^2＋ 180 mL/hm^2和 750 mL/hm^2＋180 mL/hm^2,respectively.