“电力市场设计学”的基本概念及方法论

Concepts and methodology of electricity market design science

当前电力体制改革已进入深水区,电力市场设计和规则制订已成为电力市场改革主导部门所面临的关键问题,但是电力市场设计的科学方法论尚未建立起来。本文提出"电力市场设计学"的概念,涉及电力系统工程、运筹学、微观经济学、博弈论、拍卖理论、金融学、计算经济学、实验经济学等多学科的知识。电力市场设计学以中国特色社会主义政治经济学作为总体指导思想,树立系统观并掌握系统工程方法,具体设计过程则包括基于经典微观经济学和金融学的电力市场体系初步设计、基于拍卖理论和博弈论的电力市场交易机制设计、基于计算经济学和实验经济学的电力市场仿真和电力市场交易的实地研究等步骤。电力市场设计学的基本方法已应用于南方区域电力市场体系和交易品种设计等工作,其所包含的深刻丰富的内容还有待进一步深入研究和应用。

Currently the electricity markets in China and other countries are faced with new rounds of reforms. The design of trading system and market rules are the key issues in market reform. However,the concepts and methodology of electricity market design have not been established in China yet. The concept of ＂ electricity market design science＂ is proposed in this paper,which is related to multidisciplinary knowledge of power system engineering,operations research,microeconomics,game theory,auction theory,finance,computational economics and experimental economics,etc. The electricity market design takes the Political Economy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristic as the overall guiding ideology,sets up the system view and employs the system engineering method,and the specific design process includes the preliminary design of the market system based on classical microeconomics and finance,trading mechanism design based on the auction theory and game theory,electricity market simulation based on computational economics and experimental economics,and field research on real-world market trading. The basic methodology of electricity market design science has been applied to the design of regional electricity market system and transaction variety in Southern China. It contains profound and rich contents which is yet to be further studied and applied.