考虑环境温、湿度的球形装药爆炸冲击波参数计算模型

Calculation models for parameters of spherical charge blasting shock wave considering ambient temperature and humidity

为获得实际温、湿度环境中冲击波参数计算模型,计算了考虑温、湿度的理想气体状态方程参数,利用SPEED软件,针对典型状态空气中球形装药爆炸过程进行数值模拟,得到了温、湿度对爆炸冲击波参数的影响规律。结果表明,温度和相对湿度对冲击波超压的影响较小,而正压作用时间和冲量随温度和相对湿度的升高均呈线性递减关系,在高温高湿和寒冷干燥条件下,冲击波正压作用时间和冲量相差分别达21.8%和18.4%。以经典工程计算模型为基础,通过引入含有温度、湿度和对比距离的修正因子,建立了考虑环境温、湿度的球形装药爆炸冲击波参数的计算模型。采用该模型计算得到的不同药量球形TNT爆炸冲击波参数与数值仿真结果吻合较好,可对装药在实际环境中威力评估提供参考。

In this study we firstly calculated the parameters of equation of state（EOS）for ideal gas considering temperature and relative humidity to obtain the calculation models for parameters of the blasting shock wave in ambient temperature and humidity.Then,we established the spherical charge model using the SPEED software to simulate the blasting processes in typical air conditions.The results show that the temperature and relative humidity have little influence on the shock wave overpressure,and that both the positive phase duration and the impulse,which are 21.8% and 18.4%smaller in high temperature and humidity than those in the cold and dry air,respectively,decrease linearly with the increase of the temperature and relative humidity.Furthermore,based on classical engineering calculation models,we established the calculation models for the shock wave parameters in spherical charge blasting considering ambient temperature and humidity by introducing correction factors such as temperature,relative humidity and scaled distance.From these models we obtained the blasting shock wave parameters with different doses of spherical TNT.The parameters were found quite consistent with those from numerical simulation,thereby suggesting that the calculation models can serve as reference for power assessment in real environments.