日粮添加苯甲酸和精油对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、血液指标及粪便有害气体含量的影响

Effects of supplementation of benzoic acid and essential oil on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood parameters and fecal noxious gas of weaning pigs

文章旨在研究日粮添加苯甲酸和精油对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、血液指标及粪便有害气体含量的影响。试验选择健康、体重一致的(21±1)d杜洛克×长白×大白断奶仔猪900头,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复30头猪。试验设计5种日粮,对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理1、2、3和4组分别在基础日粮中添加45 mg/kg泰乐菌素、0.1%精油、0.3%苯甲酸和0.05%精油+22.5 mg/kg泰乐菌素,试验共进行42 d。结果显示:处理3组对断奶仔猪1~14 d平均日增重的影响显著高于对照组和处理2组(P<0.05)。处理3组断奶仔猪14 d干物质和氮的消化率显著高于对照组和处理2组(P<0.05);处理1组、处理3组和处理4组较对照组和处理2组显著提高总能消化率(P<0.05);处理2组较其他各组显著提高断奶仔猪28 d干物质和总能消化率(P<0.05),较对照组、处理1组和处理3组显著提高氮的消化率(P<0.05);与处理3组和处理4组相比,处理2组断奶仔猪42 d干物质消化率显著降低(P<0.05)。处理2组和处理4组较处理1组和处理3组显著提高了断奶仔猪14 d白细胞数量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,处理2组显著降低断奶仔猪14 d淋巴细胞数量(P<0.05),而处理4组断奶仔猪42 d淋巴细胞数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);处理4组较对照组显著降低断奶仔猪14 d Ig G的数量(P<0.05)。处理1组较其他各组显著提高断奶仔猪粪便p H(P<0.05),处理1组较处理2组、处理3组和处理4组显著提高粪便氨气含量(P<0.05)。结果提示:在本试验条件下,日粮添加苯甲酸和精油可以提高断奶仔猪平均日增重,促进营养物质消化率。苯甲酸和精油对断奶仔猪采食量和饲料报酬的影响与抗生素一致。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of benzoic acid and essential oil on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood parameters and fecal noxious gas of weaning pigs. A total of 900 Duroc ×Landrace × Yorkshire weaning piglets,（21±1）d,were randomly allocated into the 5 groups with 6 replicates of 30 pigs. The control group fed with the basal diet,and the treatment（T）1,2,3 and 4 groups were supplementation of 45 mg/kg tylosin,0.1% essential oil,0.3% benzoic acid and 0.05% essential oil ＋ 22.5 mg/kg tylosin,the trial last 42 d. Results showed that T3 had higher average daily weight gain than the control group and T2（P 〈0.05）. The nitrogen digestibility in T3 was higher than the control group and T2（P 〈0.05）at 14 d. T2 had the highest dry matter and energy digestibility at 28 d（P 〈0.05）among the groups as well as higher nitrogen digestibility than T1 and T3（P 〈0.05）. Compared with the control group,T2 decrease the lymphocytes significantly（P 〈0.05）at 14 d. T2 and T4 had higher white blood cells than T1 and T3 at 14 d（P 〈0.05）. T4 decreased the Ig G at 14 d significantly compared with the control group（P 〈0.05）. T1 had the highest p H in fecal among the groups（P 〈0.05）and higher fecal ammonia than T2,T3 and T4（P 〈0.05）. In conclusion,dietary supplementation with benzoic acid and essential oil could be used to replace antibiotics in the diets of weanling pigs to improve early postweaning average daily weight gain and nutrient digestibility without negative effects on growth performance.