日本沼虾高磷脂饲料中适宜能量蛋白比的研究

Study on the optimal energy-protein ratios in high phospholipid diets of Macrobrachium nipponensis

本研究旨在探讨日本沼虾高磷脂饲料中适宜的能量蛋白比。设计了3个蛋白质水平(36%、40%、44%),2种可消化能水平(11 MJ/kg和12 MJ/kg),制备出6种试验饲料。选取初始体重(0.28±0.06)、健康未抱卵的日本沼虾于24个100 cm×100 cm×100 cm的塑料缸内进行56 d的生长试验。结果表明,随着饲料蛋白水平的增加,日本沼虾的存活率(SR)、增重率(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)和饲料系数(FCR)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),蛋白质效率(PER)呈现显著下降趋势(P<0.05)。随着可消化能水平的提高,日本沼虾的WG、SGR、PER显著提高(P<0.01)。可消化能为12 MJ/kg时,每增加1 MJ/kg能量可提高PER 0.0319,高于可消化能为11 MJ/kg时。饲料蛋白质含量36%、能量蛋白比为34.30 MJ/kg时日本沼虾SGR最高,FCR最低,其适宜能量蛋白比还可进一步优化。

The optimal dietary energy to protein（E/P）ratio in high phospholipid diets for juvenile oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponensis[initial average weight（0.28±0.06 g）]was determined using practical diets in a 3 × 2 factorial experiment. Three dietary protein levels（36%,40%,and 44%）and two digestible energy levels（11 MJ/kg and 12 MJ/kg）of six experimental diets were tested. Each diet was fed to juveniles in three plastic tanks（100 cm×100 cm×100 cm）for 56 days. The Results showed that with the increase of feed protein levels,the survival rate（SR）,the weight gain rate（WG）and specific growth rate（SGR）and feed coefficient（FCR）of Macrobrachium nipponensis had not been found significant difference（P 〉0.05）,only the protein efficiency（PER）showed significant difference（P 〈0.05）. In addition,With the improvement of the digestible energy level,the WG,SGR and PER of the Macrobrachium nipponense increased significantly（P 〈0.01）.There was some interaction between feed protein level and digestible energy level on the growth of Macrobrachium nipponense（P 〈0.001）. Protein levels and digestible energy levels had no significant effect on body composition（P 〉0.05）. The above results indicated that under different nutrient conditions,the appropriate E/P of Macrobrachium nipponense was different,and the optimal E/P ratio under high-fat and high-protein conditions is higher. It is suggested that the energy substance of high fat and high protein is more effective to the protein conservation.