基于汉语国际教育的多义形容词语义距离研究

The Semantic Distance Analysis of Polysemous AdjectivesBased on Chinese International Education

基于《现代汉语分类词典》的义类体系,对《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分》中多义形容词的数量分布和义项间语义距离进行研究。统计发现,初级阶段多义形容词学习存在任务量和汉语水平相悖的问题;多义形容词义项间语义距离的范围为0-5级,义项间存在跨义类、同义类和同义、近义三种关系。据此,在汉语国际教育中可以运用语义距离促进多义词教学。

Based on A Thesaurus of Modern Chinese,this paper studies the number distribution and semantic distance between polysemous adjectives in The Graded Chinese Syllables,Characters and Words applicable to Chinese Teaching to the Speakers of other languages.It is found that there exists a contradiction between the task quantity and the Chinese level in the learning of polysemous adjectives at the primary stage.The range of semantic distance is level 0-5,and there are three relationships among the meanings,namely,cross sense class,synonymous class and synonymy.On the basis of this,three suggestions on the use of semantic distance to promote the teaching of polysemous words in Chinese international education are put forward.