论黄梅戏传统剧目对桐城歌的吸收和借鉴

On the Absorption and Reference of the Traditional Plays of Huangmeixi from Tongcheng's Folksongs

黄梅戏传统剧目深受桐城歌的影响。在剧本内容方面,有一部分传统剧作直接来自或者衍生自桐城歌,有些传统剧目为了增强唱词的文学性和艺术感染力,穿插化用桐城歌作为其中的唱段;在演唱形式方面,黄梅戏中的"独角戏"吸收了十二月叙事体桐城歌的演唱形式,"两小戏"或"三小戏"借鉴了对歌体桐城歌的演唱形式;在语言特色方面,黄梅戏唱词口语化与桐城歌语言风格相一致,衬词的运用吸收了桐城歌的表达方式,传统剧目唱词中的"五句头"奇句式结构源自"桐城歌体"。研究黄梅戏传统剧目对桐城歌的吸收和借鉴,有助于探讨黄梅戏特定艺术风格形成的根源,也有助于了解桐城歌对黄梅戏的基因孕育价值。

The traditional plays of Huangmeixi are deeply influenced by Tongcheng＇s folksongs. In terms of script content,some traditional plays are directly from or derived from Tongcheng＇s folksongs,and some traditional plays insert and adapt some arias of Tongcheng＇s folksongs in order to enhance the literariness of lyrics and artistic inflection. In terms of singing form,＂monologue＂in Huangmeixi absorbs the form of twelvemonth narrative Tongcheng＇s folksongs,and ＂two playlet＂or ＂three playlet＂refers to the form of antiphonal Tongcheng＇s folksongs. In terms of language features,the colloquial lyrics of Huangmeixi is consistent with the language style of Tongcheng＇s folksongs,the use of lining words absorbs the expression of Tongcheng＇s folksongs and the ＂five sentences＂of odd sentence structure stems from ＂Tongcheng＇s folksong style＂. Studying the absorption andreference of traditional plays of Huangmeixi from Tongcheng＇s folksongs is helpful to search for the root of special artistic style of Huangmeixi,and it＇s also helpful to understand thegenetic breeding value of Tongcheng＇s folksongs for Huangmeixi.